Biomechanics-Informed Inertial Tracking Achieves the Accuracy of Marker-based Kinematics IMoveLab

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Experiment 1

Accuracy Evaluation

Biplane radiography setup and Experiment 1 tasks: running, single-leg drop, double-leg drop, and single-leg hop, captured with IMUs, marker-based motion capture, and biplane radiography.
19Healthy athletes
4Dynamic tasks
3Sensing modalities

Experiment 1 quantifies the accuracy of IMU-based kinematic tracking against a high-fidelity bone-level reference. Nineteen healthy athletes performed four dynamic tasks while three sensing modalities recorded their movement simultaneously.

Experiments 2 & 3

Drift Evaluation

Marker-based motion capture setup with Experiment 2 tasks (locomotion and physical-therapy exercises) and the Experiment 3 hour-long trial timeline of walking bouts separated by rest periods.
Experiment 2

Minute-long activities

23Adults
11Tasks
2Modalities
  • Tasks: 11 minute-long tasks — 3 locomotion tasks and 8 physical-therapy exercises.
  • Modalities: inertial measurement unit (IMU) and marker-based motion capture (reference).
Experiment 3

Hour-long trial

5Adults (subset of Exp. 2)
~1 hrContinuous trial
2Modalities
  • Protocol: three 10-minute walking trials separated by two 20-minute resting periods.
  • IMU: continuous capture throughout the full hour.
  • Motion capture: reference recording during the walking trials only, turned off during resting.

Citation

Cite this work

If you use any of the data or code, please cite our paper:

Phan, V., Li, Z., Meinders, E. et al. “Biomechanics-informed inertial tracking achieves the accuracy of marker-based kinematics.” Nature Communications (2026). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75981-y

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the National Science Foundation CAREER Award (CBET 2145473) and the Dowd Fellowship from the College of Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University. We would like to thank the volunteers for their time participating in this study.

Contact

Questions?

Contact either of the authors below for any questions regarding this study.